Energy Converter: Joules, kWh, Calories
Convert energy units — joules, kilojoules, kilowatt-hours, calories, BTU, and electron volts.
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Energy Converter: Joules, kWh, Calories Energy appears in different units depending on domain: electricity bills use kilowatt-hours, food labels use Calories (kcal), engineers use BTUs for heating and cooling, chemists use joules, and particle physicists use electron volts. All are measuring the same physical quantity — just on different scales. --- What are the Energy Units? The SI Unit: Joule The joule (J) is defined as the work done when a force of 1 newton acts through 1 metre. 1 J = 1 N·m = 1 kg·m²·s⁻² A joule is small: lifting a small apple (100 g) 1 metre requires about 1 J. Kilowatt-Hour (kWh) Used for electrical energy billing. 1 kWh is the energy of 1 kilowatt running for 1 hour. 1 kWh = 3,600,000 J = 3.6 MJ A typical UK or US household uses 10–30 kWh of electricity per day.…
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I convert joules to calories?
Divide joules by 4.184 to get thermochemical calories (cal). For food Calories (kcal), divide joules by 4,184. Example: 1,000 J ÷ 4.184 = 239 cal = 0.239 kcal. The direction matters: 1 cal = 4.184 J; 1 kcal (food Calorie) = 4,184 J.
How many joules in a kilowatt-hour?
1 kWh = 3,600,000 J = 3.6 MJ exactly. This derives from: 1 kW = 1,000 W = 1,000 J/s; 1 hour = 3,600 s; so 1 kWh = 1,000 × 3,600 = 3,600,000 J.
What is the difference between calorie and Calorie (kcal)?
A small calorie (cal) is the energy needed to heat 1 gram of water by 1°C. A food Calorie (Cal or kcal) is 1,000 small calories — the energy needed to heat 1 kilogram of water by 1°C. Nutrition labels always use kcal, often written as 'Cal' with a capital C or just 'calories' (confusingly).
How do I convert BTU to watts?
1 BTU/hour = 0.29307 watts. To convert BTU to watts (power, not energy), divide BTU/h by 3.412. For energy: 1 BTU = 1,055.06 J. HVAC systems are rated in BTU/h; 1 ton of cooling = 12,000 BTU/h = 3,517 watts.
What is an electron volt?
An electron volt (eV) is the kinetic energy gained by an electron accelerated through 1 volt: 1 eV = 1.60218 × 10⁻¹⁹ J. It's used in particle physics and atomic physics because joules produce inconveniently tiny numbers at atomic scales. X-ray photon energies are in keV; nuclear reactions in MeV; particle accelerators in GeV or TeV.
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